{"id":14055,"date":"2025-01-29T13:35:58","date_gmt":"2025-01-29T10:05:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/?page_id=14055"},"modified":"2025-03-09T08:42:36","modified_gmt":"2025-03-09T05:12:36","slug":"based-on-copper-oxide","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/en\/industrial-products\/oil-additives\/based-on-copper-oxide\/","title":{"rendered":"Based on Copper Oxide"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"14055\" class=\"elementor elementor-14055\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a52963 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a52963\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e61acdc\" data-id=\"e61acdc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f50e551 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f50e551\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 26-05-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1890\" height=\"709\" src=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/1256-min.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-11420\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/1256-min.jpg 1890w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/1256-min-300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/1256-min-1024x384.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/1256-min-768x288.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/1256-min-1536x576.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/1256-min-150x56.jpg 150w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/1256-min-480x180.jpg 480w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/1256-min-800x300.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width:767px) 480px, (max-width:1890px) 100vw, 1890px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-400a1e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"400a1e2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f15ef14\" data-id=\"f15ef14\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfd5ee4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"bfd5ee4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 26-05-2024 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-776ea01 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"776ea01\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8c2934a\" data-id=\"8c2934a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b91d276 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b91d276\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 26-05-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Oil additive based on copper oxide (CuO)<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a8e0404 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a8e0404\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f4d749f\" data-id=\"f4d749f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e30e4b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e30e4b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6c416f5 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6c416f5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a5223eb\" data-id=\"a5223eb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb3a19a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile_extra__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cb3a19a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"297\" src=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u062b\u06363\u062b-min-300x297.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-11022\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u062b\u06363\u062b-min-300x297.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u062b\u06363\u062b-min-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u062b\u06363\u062b-min-76x75.jpg 76w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u062b\u06363\u062b-min-480x475.jpg 480w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u062b\u06363\u062b-min.jpg 739w\" sizes=\"(max-width:767px) 300px, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ca8af9e\" data-id=\"ca8af9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b22524 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1b22524\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 26-05-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Copper Oxide (CuO) is widely used in advanced industries like aerospace and mechanical engineering due to its electrical properties, anti-wear, anti-corrosion, and high thermal stability. This compound is added to oils to improve their performance at high temperatures, enhancing their anti-wear and anti-friction properties. One of the key characteristics of CuO is its high temperature tolerance. It can operate effectively at very high temperatures (above 300 \u00baC) without chemical degradation.<\/p><p>Therefore, it protects lubricating oils from thermal breakdown. This makes CuO highly beneficial in heavy and advanced industries that deal with high-temperature environments. Also, its good electrical conductivity makes it an ideal choice for applications requiring resistance to electrical currents. For instance, the electrical conductivity of CuO is particularly useful in electric motors and generators. Because lubrication and the ability to withstand electric current are both essential. CuO also possesses catalytic properties that can accelerate the oxidation of organic materials. This makes it suitable for use in high-temperature and high-pressure systems.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91ef7b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"91ef7b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98a540e\" data-id=\"98a540e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-62c26c3 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"62c26c3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c192b2f\" data-id=\"c192b2f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-911f374\" data-id=\"911f374\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79cec97 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"79cec97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ideal for applications<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c20f5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0c20f5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9efc513 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9efc513\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Heavy industries and machinery operating under high temperature and pressure conditions.<\/li><li>Complex equipment such as lathes and thermal devices.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c2b485e\" data-id=\"c2b485e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1496c2f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile_extra__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1496c2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"748\" height=\"780\" src=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0641\u0647\u06326.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-11024\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0641\u0647\u06326.jpg 748w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0641\u0647\u06326-288x300.jpg 288w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0641\u0647\u06326-72x75.jpg 72w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/\u0641\u0647\u06326-480x501.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:767px) 480px, 748px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-201908a elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"201908a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-15ea938\" data-id=\"15ea938\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2a804ba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2a804ba\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-19165d8\" data-id=\"19165d8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dc60dd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5dc60dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin On Disk Wear Test<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7885d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d7885d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48bc5cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"48bc5cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the Pin-on-Disk test, the coefficient of friction is examined. For this purpose, two samples were tested according to ASTM G99 standards: a base oil and a base oil mixed with 0.4% Wt CuO additive.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c811ac1\" data-id=\"c811ac1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e04018 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2e04018\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"452\" src=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/80c9bc63-84e2-4204-b1cf-75a8e27a94b0.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-11102\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/80c9bc63-84e2-4204-b1cf-75a8e27a94b0.jpeg 752w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/80c9bc63-84e2-4204-b1cf-75a8e27a94b0-300x180.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/80c9bc63-84e2-4204-b1cf-75a8e27a94b0-125x75.jpeg 125w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/80c9bc63-84e2-4204-b1cf-75a8e27a94b0-480x289.jpeg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:767px) 480px, 752px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c0ecf2 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c0ecf2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The test was conducted at a temperature of 100 \u00baC according to ASTM G99 standards. The applied force was 200 Newtons, the sliding distance was 1000 meters, and the motor speed was 250 rpm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-40a98d6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"40a98d6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-91bba3e\" data-id=\"91bba3e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6fafc6 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6fafc6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In this test, it was observed that the coefficient of friction for the base oil mixture with 0.4 % Wt by weight of CuO was lower than that of the base oil. This reduction in the coefficient of friction shows that the CuO nanoparticles have helped improve the lubrication properties of the oil.<\/p><p>It appears that due to their small size (on a nanometer scale), CuO nanoparticles can easily penetrate the pores and surface irregularities of the components and fill them. This property helps smooth the contact surfaces and reduce direct contact between metallic surfaces. These nanoparticles can act as a thin, slippery layer between the metallic surfaces in contact and reduce friction. This lubricating property was maintained even at 100 \u00baC. This shows that these nanoparticles are effective even at high temperatures.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9d577 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9d577\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4cd629f\" data-id=\"4cd629f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2367580\" data-id=\"2367580\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f9d03b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"9f9d03b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff49151\" data-id=\"ff49151\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-881518c elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"881518c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-62de374\" data-id=\"62de374\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-095f600 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"095f600\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-578d627\" data-id=\"578d627\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7bdba9 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f7bdba9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"797\" height=\"535\" src=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/photo14522119228.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-11036\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/photo14522119228.jpg 797w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/photo14522119228-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/photo14522119228-768x516.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/photo14522119228-112x75.jpg 112w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/photo14522119228-480x322.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:767px) 480px, (max-width:797px) 100vw, 797px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4ee739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b4ee739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27b909a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27b909a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Images of the four-ball test: The test was conducted with an applied force of 392 Newtons, over a time of 3600 seconds, with a motor speed of 1200 rpm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-74418e9\" data-id=\"74418e9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51ece0c elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"51ece0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wear Test (Four-ball Test)<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22f8183 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"22f8183\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d875864 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d875864\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The four-ball test or wear test is another test that can determine the effect of various additives in oil on the amount of wear. Below are the images of this test to compare the wear level when using base oil and base oil mixed with CuO-based additive.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a1cb07 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a1cb07\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d34e554\" data-id=\"d34e554\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69e75c5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69e75c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the four-ball test, images (a) and (b) represent the base oil without the CuO additive. They show wear track lengths of 1581.73 \u03bcm and 1682.29 \u03bcm, respectively. Images (c) and (d) correspond to the base oil containing the CuO additive, which wear track lengths of 870.99 \u03bcm and 759.30 \u03bcm, respectively.<\/p><p>In general, these images show that when using base oil, the surfaces are exposed to direct wear, and the effects of wear are clearly visible. The wear tracks are long and extensive. This shows a greater damaged surface. However, in the presence of the CuO nanoparticle-based oil additive, due to their very small size (on a nanometer scale), they can penetrate the pores and irregularities of the surface of the parts and fill them. This filling results in a smoother contact surface between the two metal parts. They reduce the microscopic contacts between the surfaces and as a result wear is minimized. These nanoparticles also improve heat transfer and prevent an increase in surface temperature.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0590839 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0590839\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b99c60e\" data-id=\"b99c60e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02612d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"02612d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ebdaed8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ebdaed8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ce9dab\" data-id=\"4ce9dab\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0351f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e0351f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Table: Oil additive based on copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9c5922a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9c5922a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8a92bd2\" data-id=\"8a92bd2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b07da8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile_extra__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6b07da8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cl-cu-1024x525.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-14164\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cl-cu-1024x525.png 1024w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cl-cu-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cl-cu-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cl-cu-1536x787.png 1536w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cl-cu-146x75.png 146w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cl-cu-480x246.png 480w, https:\/\/nanosanjesh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cl-cu.png 1897w\" sizes=\"(max-width:767px) 480px, (max-width:1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-35f54f3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"35f54f3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6192a53\" data-id=\"6192a53\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86442c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"86442c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oil additive based on copper oxide (CuO) Copper Oxide (CuO) is widely used in advanced industries like aerospace and mechanical engineering due to its electrical properties,<span class=\"excerpt-hellip\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":13937,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14055","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.5 (Yoast SEO v24.5) - 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